H北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题及答案

H北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题及答案

高一英语

2023.1 本试卷共 9 页，三大部分(共 100 分)，考试时间 90 分钟。

第一部分 知识运用(共三节， 43 分)

第一节  选词填空(共 12 小题； 1-6 每小题 1 分 7-12 每小题 2 分， 共 18 分)

阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组填空,不用改变形式。

suffer from    graduate fromin case

due togather around

tend to

1. Families in China usually ________ on this day to celebrate the festival.

2. A lot of students ________ exam nerves.

3. Women ________ live longer than men.

4. I hope that I can get a satisfying job with a good salary after I________ college.

5. Please remind me of my promise________ I forget.

6. The flight has been delayed one hour ________ the heavy snow.

阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组并用其正确形式填空。

be responsible for be fed up withget ahead   scare awaytake advantage of

catch one’s eye

7. He ________ all his spare time to study English in the past few years.

8. ________in English, he kept on practicing speaking English.

9. The monster Nian ________ when people let off fireworks.

10. The driver________ the accident, and he paid for the damage.

11. Most Internet users ________ advertising.

12. A beautiful statue immediately ________ when I entered the hall ofthe museum. 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分， 共 10 分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的 单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域 作答。

高一英语第 1 页 共 9 页

A

Paul jumped up and 13________ (rush) onto the court. And clearly all the extra hours that he had spent practising alone paid off. The other team just couldn't keep up with his energy and  speed. He made  shot  after  shot  and the  crowd  couldn't  stop  clapping  and 14________ (cheer).

When the game ended, our team 15________ (win) by two points.

“Well,” said the coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder, “you've just earned your place on the team, big guy!”

B

A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed away. I think of her often though, 16________ (especial) of Christmas. Each year, I take out the music box she gave me. Inside I keep Granny's paper hat and the letter she helped me write that Christmas. Mum

gave the letter back 17________ me some years ago when I no longer believed in Father Christmas. When I think about 18________ makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind. It's also my memory of Granny. Now I'm the one who makes sugar 19________ (biscuit) each year, and I always make one in a G-shape—    G for Granny.

C

The G20 summit is an annual gathering of the leaders of the world's 20_________(large) and fastest-growing economies, 21__________ represent 60 percent of the world population, 80 percent of global GDP and 75 percent of global exports. The summit is the largest gathering of leaders since 2019. Russian President Vladimir Putin is the only G20 leader who hasn’t presented 22_________(he).

第三节 完形填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分， 共 15 分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D  四个选项中，选出最 佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

I'm not someone who likes to play games. But last April, I heard some of my classmates talking about the Rubik's Cube   (魔方) .

I saw a friend solve this puzzle very 23______, which really surprised me. Before I had even made my first 24______ , he had aligned   (对齐) all the colors. At the time, I thought my classmate must be using some 25______ technique.

At home I searched online for 26______. I found out about an Australian teenager    who can 27______ the third order cube in 4. 73 seconds. I was shocked. Fascinated  (着迷) by his skill , I began to study the Rubik's Cube myself.

Without a teacher to help me, it was a big challenge. The first thing I did was to 28______the formulas   (公式) for the cube. 29______, that turned out to be an ineffective way of solving the problem.

高一英语第 2 页 共 9 页

I began to take another approach to the cube, called "muscle memory”. It depends on practicing a specific mechanical movement into memory through 30______. As time went on, I became more and more skillful. Meanwhile, I found that it was a 31______way to improve my logical skills and memory.

I’m so glad that I was 32______to the Rubik's Cube. All in all,   to   take   on   a   new thing is always a good idea, a way into a new world.

23. A. luckilyB. quicklyC. clearlyD.normally

24. A. moveB.  decisionC. choiceD.way

25. A. realisticB.  traditionalC. fantasticD.popular

26. A. picturesB.  wordsC. articleD.advice

27. A. stopB.  destroyC. chooseD.complete

28. A. writeB.  checkC. correctD.memorize

29. A. ThereforeB.  MeanwhileC. HoweverD.Besides

30. A. preparationB. repetitionC. questionD. organization

31. A. pleasantB. cleverC. simpleD. useful

32. A. usedB. introducedC. addictedD. recommended

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节， 34 分)

第一节(共 12 小题；每小题 2 分， 共 24 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答 题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle   James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor. “But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.

“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.”

Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.

From then  on, Margaret Ann  Bulkley  disappeared.  She became  James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when

the other students went on holiday.

高一英语第 3 页 共 9 页

Barrygra dua ted in 1 812 an ddec ided to join the British Army. In his life,

Dr. James

Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen  to  the  second  highest  medical  officer  in  the  British  Army.  Barry  improved  the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section (剖宫产) in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.

33．  What left a deep impression on General Miranda?

A．  Margaret’s intelligence.                     B．  Margaret’s love for painting.

C．  Margaret’s dream.                              D．  Margaret’s love for reading.

34．  What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．   Change one’s clothes.                        B．  Dress like a doctor.

C．  Dress like a gentleman.                     D．   Change one’s appearance.

35．  Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in her job?

A．  Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.

B．  Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.

C．   Graduating from the most famous medical university.

D．  Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.

36．  What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years?

A．  James Barry left much money.            B．  Margaret died in her twenties.

C．  Dr. James Barry was a woman.           D．  General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.

B

Do Dogs Dream?

Unlike cartoon images, real dogs don’t speak and describe their sleep. So you may wonder: do dogs dream like their owners?

A scientific research conducted at MIT found that during sleep, brains of humans and dogs function in a similar manner. When you or your dog first falls asleep, you experience SWS—slow wave sleep—when the brain waves are slow but muscles are still active. Later, a deeper stage of sleep occurs. This stage is called REM sleep—rapid eye movements sleep.    During REM, muscles are more relaxed but the mind is more active. It was proved that both humans and dogs experience these two stages of the sleep cycle. Since we know that humans dream, it is safe to conclude that dogs dream too.

Scientists found that as a dog falls asleep, his breathing becomes deeper and more regular.After about 20 minutes in REM sleep, dreams usually begin for average dogs. While dreaming, the dog’s breathing may become shallow and irregular, and his eyes move about behind the closed lids(眼睑) as if the dog is looking at something. By comparing

brain wave patterns, researchers suggested that during REM, dogs are visualizing (呈观) dream images much like humans do during this stage of sleep.

Besides, it’s also found that during REM, the sleeping brain functions much like it does when awake, so both man and dogs dream about things that happen during their waking

hours. Information gathered during the day is processed at night and may be relived in dreams.

So your dog may “sleep run” as he runs after a cat or fetches a ball.

Studies also show that some dogs dream more than others, and the frequency and length of dreams are different according to the age and sizes of dogs. Young puppies usually experience more dreams than adult dogs. One possible reason is that puppies acquire huge amounts of new information daily and have much to process at night. Among dogs of the same age, smaller dogs seem to have more dreams than their bigger friends, but their dreams may last shorter. Dream length and frequency are also related to the amount of sleep required. A dog that has an active day outside may sleep more soundly than usual and experience longer periods of REM sleep, giving him more time to dream.

37. What happens to dogs during REM sleep?

A. Their dreams take place.                B. Their brain waves are slow.

C. Their muscles stay active.              D. Their mind is more relaxed.

38. While dreaming, the dog ___________________ .

A. breathes regularly                          B. visualizes images

C. opens the lids                                  D. gathers information

39. What does the underlined word “relived” probably mean?

A.Removed.            B. Repaired.            C.Reviewed.            D. Reduced.

40. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Why dogs dream like humans.

B. What bigger dogs dream about.

C. Why young puppies have more dreams.

D. What causes the differences of dogs’ dreams.

C

What exactly is intelligence? There aren’t any easy answers. Despite the progress that has been made in genetics and psychology, human intelligence has remained one of the most controversial (有争议的) areas of modern science, until now, that is, for the discovery of a gene (基因) linked to intelligence has made the experts think again.

Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London and his colleagues in the US have been looking into genetic make-up. From their research, they have discovered that a slightly different gene is more common in those with a high IQ. Plomin analyzed DNA from two groups of 51 children aged between 6 and 15. What he found was that the first group had an IQ of 136, putting them in the top 5% of the population, while the other group

高一英语第 5 页 共 9 页

had an average IQ of 103. An analysis of their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question, while only 16% in the second group did. However, there is a lot more research to be done, and Plomin himself is cautious at this early stage. He suggests that there are probably many genes that contribute to intelligence, rather than just one.

Several studies have shown a strong link between IQ and career success, although some psychologists remain doubtful about this. Professor Michael Rowe, who has written a book called Genius Explained, is one of these. “The people with the highest IQs are not usually the ones who do best in their careers.”

Many  psychologists  now  believe  that  when  it  comes  to  intelligence,  IQ  isn’t everything. Many alternative views have been put forward recently. One example is the idea of multiple  intelligences,  which  was  developed  in  the  1980s by  Harvard psychologist

Howard Gardner. This offers a much broader view than the IQ theory, including creativity

and communication skills as relevant factors in intelligence.

Tony Buzan, brain expert and author of Master your Memory, is interested in this belief, arguing that true geniuses do indeed appear to combine high levels of each type of intelligence. He lists Alexander the Great, Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein as examples. At the same time, Buzan believes that everyone can develop their intelligence, only if they take the trouble to exercise their brain. Perhaps there’s hope for us all!

41. What is the topic of the passage?

A. The relationship between genes and intelligence.

B. IQ benefits a lot from high intelligence.

C. What makes intelligence.

D. How to develop intelligence.

42. Why does the author use data in Paragraph 2?

A. To make a suggestion.                       B. To draw a conclusion.

C. To give an example.                           D. To prove an idea.

43. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Robert Plomin discovers genes have something in common.

B. Howard Gardner thinks intelligence includes various factors.

C. Michael Rowe agrees to a strong link between IQ and career.

D. Tony Buzan agrees geniuses exercise brain to improve intelligence.

44. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The idea of multiple intelligences.

B. The development of intelligence.

C. IQ isn’t everything for intelligence.

D. Alternative views have been put forward.

高一英语第 6 页 共 9 页

第二节：(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分， 共 10 分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The dinner party is disappearing according to an article in The New York Times. “How can this be?” You might wonder. Don’t we meet with friends to taste food in the hottest restaurants? Aren’t we invited by friends to enjoy home-cooked meals? And we throw parties for friends on special occasions, don’t we?

45       It is more formal and usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations are sent out ahead and hosts prepare food with great care. A beautiful tablecloth is spread out on the dinner table, which is then set with expensive cutlery (餐具). Guests dress up for the occasion and are expected to carry on a conversation at the table.      46

Is it because people are too busy to cook for others and then invite them to the table? Perhaps, but there are many food lovers nowadays, and TV programs teaching people how to cook are very popular.        47      According to Judith Martin, a US writer, people have been brought up to express themselves rather than to exchange ideas. They don’t know how to share their experiences and feelings with others in a proper way.      48 In her opinion, its influence has been harmful to human communication. “People don’t even respond to dinner invitation anymore,” she said. “Not only do they cancel at the last minute, they do it by text message.”

Things have  changed  a lot today. Perhaps the  dinner party has just become  a different kind of thing. However, it needs only be more than some food, a table and a location.      49       Even if we are using ordinary plates and are not wearing party dresses, we can still enjoy food and share our ideas of life, love and culture, can’t we?

A.The age of great hosts is dead with the change of people’s lifestyles.

B. In fact the dinner party the writer worries about disappearing is another kind.     C. The real problem is that people don’t know how to make conversation anymore.

D.They know exactly which guests to invite so that they can share their favourite food.

E. The culture of the dinner party is not necessarily based on money and social influence.   F. Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on sofa while playing on mobile phones. G.She also expresses dissatisfaction with electronic equipment.

第三部分 书面表达(共两节， 23 分)

第一节 阅读回答问题(共 4 小题； 每小题 2 分， 共 8 分)

高一英语第 7 页 共 9 页

LillianHa ns on, ac ol lege jun io r,e xp ects to gra du atein about two years. Mrs. Hanson,a rather unusual student, plans to go on to take more courses after she gets her degree. What makes Mrs. Hanson different from most of her classmates?

What sets Lillian Hanson apart from the college crowd is her age-73 years. She has been going to college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.

When Mrs. Hanson graduated from high school, she went to her local bank and asked for a loan for college tuition and fees. The banker gave her no encouragement. He didn’t think that a country girl should be borrowing money to go to college. He thought she should be home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Mrs. Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. She still lives with her husband on the farm that has been in the family for five generations.

Mrs. Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown up, she tried again.

She finds the hardest part of going back to school at her age to be sitting in class for long periods of time. Because she is not able to move as quickly and easily as she used to be, Mrs. Hanson often gets up and walks around between classes to keep from getting rigid. At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give Mrs. Hanson big applause when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her goals were.

50. What makes Lillian Hanson different from most of her classmates? (不多于 2 个单词)

___________________________________________________________

51. Why did the banker refuse to provide a loan for Lillian Hanson? (不多于 16 个单词)

___________________________________________________________

52. What is Mrs. Hanson’s dream? (不多于 4 个单词)

___________________________________________________________

53. What does she find the hardest part of going back to school? (不多于 8 个单词)

___________________________________________________________

第二节书面表达(15 分)

假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。在寒假即将到来之际，你的英国笔友 Tom 来信 询问你的假期计划，请你给他回信，根据以下要点介绍你所规划的假期生活。

令    form a good living habit

令    arrange time properly

令    develop interests and hobbies

令     …

高一英语第 8 页 共 9 页

注意： 1. 词数 80 左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入

总词数)；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom,

How are you? The winter holiday is coming.

Looking forward to hearing from you soon!

Yours truly,

Li Hua

延庆区 2022-2023 学年度第一学期高一年级英语

期末测试试卷

参考答案

第一部分 英语知识运用  (共三节，43 分)

第一节选词填空(共 12 小题；1-6 每小题 1 分 7-12 每小题 2 分， 共 18 分)

1. gather around      2. suffer from      3. tend to

4. graduate from      5. in case            6. due to

7. has taken advantage of        8. To get ahead              9. will be scared away

10. was responsible for          11. have been/are fed up with          12. caught my eye

第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分， 共 10 分)

13. rushed        14. cheering      15. had won/won      16. especially        17. to

18. what            19.biscuits        20. largest            21. which        22. himself

第三节 完形填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分， 共 15 分)

23-27 BACDD  28-32 DCBDB

第二部分阅读理解(共二节，34 分)

第一节阅读选择   33-36 ADBC    37-40 ABCD      41-44 CDBA

第二节 7 选 5          45-549 BFCGE

第三部分书面表达(共二节，23 分)

第一节 阅读表达

50. Her age.

51. Because he didn’t think that a country girl should be borrowing money to go to college.

52. Getting a higher education

53. Sitting in class for long periods of time./Sitting in class for a long time.

第二节 应用文写作

Dear Tom,

How are you? The winter holiday is coming. I’d like to share my plan with you.

During the holiday, I will form a good living habit, trying not to stay up late. I will also arrange time properly to improve myself. For example, I will do more reading. In addition, it is a good time for me to develop my interests and hobbies, such as singing and playing basketball. Apart from that, I plan to be a volunteer in my community. In a word , my winter holiday is bound to be rich and     colorful！

How about your holiday life? Looking forward to hearing from you soon!

Yours truly,

Li hua