2010年5月北京地区成人英语三级考试真题及答案

201 阅读 0 评论 0 点赞

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2010.5

PartI Reading Comprehension(30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the

Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide,"The most worrying development is a culture of drug-friendliness," says the UN's International Narcotics

Control Board in a report released last year.

The 74-page study says the pop music, as a global industry, is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures."Some songs encourage people to take drugs.(78)Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a person's lifestyle," the

study says.

Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose(过量用药)."Such incidents end to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼) the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use," it notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singer and movie stars—including Elvis Presley, Janice Jophlin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs—have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin."In most countries, the names of certain pop stars

have become familiar to the members of every household," the study says.

The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug incidents, which encourages rather than prevents drug abuse."Over the past years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive," says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board."Powerful pressure groups run political campains aimed at legalizing controlled drugs," he says. Ghodse also points out that all these developments

have created an environment which is tolerant (容忍的) of or even favorable to drug abuse

第 1 页，共25 页

and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently under way.

The study focuses on demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug (赞成吸毒) messages of the youth culture to

which young people increasingly are being exposed.

1.Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with?

A. The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a person's

lifestyle.

B. The spreading of pop music may cause drug abuse to beyond country boundaries.

C.No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse.

D. Governments have no ability at act against the pro-drug messages of the youth

culture.

2.The expression "under fire" in the first paragraph means

A.in an urgent situation

B. facing some problems

C.being criticized

D. in trouble

3.From the third paragraph, we learn that the youth

A. tend to mourn the pop stars who died of overdose as role modes

B.are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse drugs

C.try to face the deadly effect of drug use

D. may stop abusing drugs

4. Which of the following is not mentioned as tolerant of drug abuse?

A.The spreading of pop music.

B.The media.

C.Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.

D. The low price of some drugs.

5. According to the passage, pop music

A. has a great influence on young people of most cultures

B.attracts a small number of young people

C. is not a profitable industry

D. is alone responsible for drug abuse

Passage 2

第 2 页，共 2 5 页

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A little-known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living

in developing countries.

It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to

achieve this same increase.

What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk?(76) One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾). Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as

healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.

(77)Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As

society changes, attitudes will change.

Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination(歧视)in employment. Life-long learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active

members in a country's development.

Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable

safety net.

6. The proportion of older people

A. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries

B. is one-seventh of the population in developing countries

C. will increase much faster in China than in France

D. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020

7.According to passage, which of the following are governments most worried about?

A.The diseases and disability of older people.

B. The longer life and good health of people.

C.The loss of taxes on older people.

D. The increasing respect for older people.

第 3 页，共 2 5 页

8.It is stated directly in the passage that older people should

A.be treated differently in different cultures

B. enjoy a similar lifestyle

C.be ignored as society changes

D.be valued by the yonger generations

9. Which of the following measure is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing

problem?

A.Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.

B. Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.

C.Providing free health care for sick older people.

D. Supplying life-long learning programs to older people.

10. The author concludes in the last paragraph that

A. governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problem

B. population ageing is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgently

C. people are too busy to solve the population ageing problem

D. much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem

Passage 3

Questions l1 to 15 are based on the following passage:

(79)Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade,and economic liberalization(自由化)after two world wars. One new study, published recently by the Institute for International Economics in Washington, find that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1980 and 12 percent in 1999. By some other measures, the progress has been more modest. Still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as India and especially China, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom."This is a huge success for the world as a whole,” says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper."We are doing something

right.”

The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington —an event that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the Bank and its sister

Institution, the International Monetary Fund (IMF 国际货币组织), have done too little for

第 4 页，共 2 5 页

the world's poor.(80) The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Vast populations remain poor, and many still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful to understand what policies should be followed by those institutions and hundreds of other development groups working very hard to hasten the pace of world economic progress. If dramatic gains are under way, the present policies—calling for open markets, free business activities, and tight monetary

control—are working and correct.

But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic success stories as Japan, China, South Korea and Singapore are rooted in more than just"free" markets. These nations have managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reduce poverty, by limiting imports when their domestic industries were young, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controls on purely international financial flows. They have been open to foreign-owned factories but have often insisted that those investors share the knowledge

and skill on modem technologies.

The insurance industry was founded hundreds of years ago in one of London's 2,000 coffeehouses. Literature, newspapers and even the works of great composers like Bach and

Beethoven were also inspired in coffeehouses.

11. The word"plunged"in the first paragraph means

A.decreased B.climbed

C.increased D.dropped into water

12.From the passage, we leam that

A.World Bank has done nothing to help the poor in the world

B.IMF only helps the rich in the world

C.World Bank controls all the banks in the world

D.There are some demonstrations against World Bank in recent years

13. According to this passage, in , the world had the largest number of poor

people.

A.1999 B.1980 C.1950 D.1990

14.According to the author, the economy of East Asian countries grew very fast because of

the following measures EXCEPT

A.encouraging export

B.opening up to foreign investments

C.limiting international financial flows

D.controlling import

第 5 页，共 2 5 页

15. The best title for this passage might be .

A.China's Contribution to the Reduction of Poverty in the World

B.World Bank's Extraordinary Progress in Recent Decades

C.India's Leading Role in Reducing Global Poverty

D.Global Progress in Reducing Poverty

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

16. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which of the parents spoke

the language.

A.none B.neither C.both D.each

17.You'd better go there by train. The train ticket is the plane ticket.

A.as cheap three times as B.as three times cheap as

C. three times as cheap as D.cheaper three times than

18. This new machine is technically far to the previous type.

A.superior B.junior C.senior D.equal

19.There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of

the brain.

A.indicate B.indicating

C. indicated D.to be indicating

20. She became the first woman to enter the school but withdrew after a few

days stress.

A. because of B.in spite of C.instead of D.in honor of

21. is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London.

A.It B.What C.As D. Which

22.The discovery of these tombs is for scholars, studying Chinese history.

A.of very important B. great significant

C. of great significance D. greatly importance

23. Sean's strong love for his country is in his recently published poems. A.relieved B.reflected C.responded D.recovered

24.Would you please keep silent? The weather report and I want to listen.

A.is broadcast B. is being broadcast

第 6 页，共 2 5 页

C. has been broadcast D.had been broadcast

25. The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details

while retelling the story.

A.bring out B.let out C. leave out D.make out

26.The man moved forward and looked over the edge, shrinking his shoulders.

A.accurately B.cautiously C. brilliantly D.disappointedly

27. The police are trying to find out the accident.

A.evidence B.recognition C. identity D.status

28.By no means to her parents.

A.this is the first time has she lied

B.this is the first time does she tell a lie

C.is this the first time she has lied

D.is this the first time she was lying

29.Climate change will greatly wheat and rice production if nations don't take

steps now.

A.fall B.leak C.lack D. reduce

30.She always buys my birthday.

A.something awful to B.anything awful to

C.something nice for D.anything nice for

31.He failed to live up to had been expected of him.

A.what B.which C.that D.all

32.It is very of you to arrange an early meeting between your boss and our team.

A.considerate B.considerable C.considering D.considered

33.I would have told him about the change of time for the class to class last time.

A.did he come B. he came C.had he come D.he had come

34. The wind was so strong last night that is tore-the of the ship into two or three

pieces.

A.mask B.mine C. sail D. satellite

35. all the money people here spend eating out, restaurants, profit is still below five

percent.

A. Despite B.Thanks to C. Since D.Like

36.Many a man life is meaningless without a purpose.

A.thinks B. thinking

C. have thoughi D.think

第 7 页，共 2 5 页

37. John left home twenty minutes ago. It is usually half an hour's drive from his home to

the office here. So he soon.

A.should have arrived B.need arrive

C.must have arrived D.may arrive

38. Hongkong is often regarded as international center for business, finance

and tourism.

A./;an B.An;/ C.The;/ D /;the

39.They went the schedule for the conference again and again until they felt

satisfied with every detail of it.

A.out B.up C, over D.by

40. Schools should teach our kids various subjects, and moreover teach them how to

right from wrong.

A.run B.take C.tell D. put

41.By the time you finish your homework, all of us ours at hand, I'm sure.

A.will finish B. will have finished

C. have finished D. have been finishing

42.In time of trouble Charlie could always a solution.

A. put aside B. look down upon

C.break out D.come up with

43. Before building a house, you will have to the government's permission.

A.get from B.follow C.receive D.ask for

44. The director had her assistant some hot dogs for the staff members.

A. picked up B.picks up C.pick up D. picking up

45. their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throw B.Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown

Part III Identification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and

D. Identifj the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer

Sheet.

46. When

you've

finished

with that book, don't

forget to put it back on the shelf,

won't you?

第 8 页，共25 页

47. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay would be raised by 20 percent. A B C D

48. It remains to see whether Jim will be fit enough to playin the finals. A B C D

49.I invited Joe and Linda as well as Tom to dinner, but neither of them came.

A B C D

50.Over the past 20 years,the Internet has helped change our world in either way or another

A B C

51. How and why this language has survived for more than a thousand years, while spoke by very A B C

few, is hard to explain.

52. Nearly half of Americans aged 25 and old take part in some form of continuing education. A C D

53.Many parents feel they need to keep a closer eye to their children because of concerns about

A B C D

crime and school violence.

54. For married mothers,the time spend on child care increased to an average of 12.9 hours a A B C D

week in 2009.

55.There is an increasingly amount of evidence that more and more young people are taking an

A B C

active interest in politics.

Part IV Cloze (10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer

that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Of all the websites, one that has attracted attention recently is myspace.com. Most of this attention has come from the media and tells every reason. 56 the website should be 57 .The threat of Internet predators (窃掠者)is indeed a tough reality,. 58 shutting down the site is not the answer. If myspace.com . 59 shut down, another site would quickly. 60 its place. Therefore, the right way is to teach teens how to use the site

safely and educate them. 61 who may be predators and how to 62 them.

The key to. 63 safe on the Internet is to make sure that your profile(个人资料) is

secure. The. 64 way is to change the privacy setting on your profile to "private",

第 9 页，共 2 5 页

which protects your information. 65 only the people on your friend list can view it.

Although this is. 66 , it is not perfect. Predators can find ways to view your profile if

they really want to,.67 through backing in( 黑客入侵 ) or figuring out their way onto

your friend list. Thus, you should never post too much personal. 68 .Some people

actually post their home and school addresses, date to birth, and so on, often 69

predators know exactly where they will by and. 70

The most information that is safe is your first name and province. Anything more is

basically. 71 a predator into your life.

Another big problem is photos. I suggest. 72 skipping photos and never posting a

photo of a friend online without his or her. 73

Most important, never,. 74 any circumstances, agree to a real-life meeting with

anyone you meet online,. 75 how well you think you know this person. There are no

guarantees that they have told the truth.

56.A. whatB.howC. whyD.which

57.A. shut downB.open upC. get intoD. turn on

58.A.butB.evenC. despiteD. since

59.A.isB.areC. wasD,were

60.A.getB.makeC. takeD. push

61.A.asB.aboutC.forD.in

62.A.avoidB.getC. benefitD.hide

63.A.stayB.stayingC. stayedD staying

64.A. difficultB. simplestC. simpleD.most difficult

65.A.as toB. no matterC. so thatD.because

66.A. efficientB.interestingC. effectiveD. impressive

67.A.ifB.whetherC. howeverD.whatever

68.A.informationB.documentsC. filesD. messages

69.A.letB. makeC.allowD.letting

70.A.whatB.whyC. whenD how

71.A.introducingB.invitingC.investingD. interrupting

72.A. partlyB. mostlyC.lastlyD.completely

73.A.favorB.ruleC.informationD. permission

74.A.aboveB.underC.belowD.at

75.A.no matterB.even ifC.unlessD.also

第 1 0 页，共 2 5 页

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part, there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese.

These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading

Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identifj their meanings in the context

76...Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for

non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a person's lifestyle...

77. One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more

likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾).

78. Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and

value the older people in their society.

79.Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in

reducing poverty in recent decades.

80.The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute.

Section B

Directions: In this part, there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into

English. Be sure to write clearly.

81.今天早上他起床晚了，所以没有赶上火车。

第 1 1 页，共25 页

82.你们昨天的会议得出什么结论了吗?

83.我在回家的路上，买了一本英汉词典。

84.一直到12月下旬，他们才让我加入他们小组。

85. 我父亲在找工作，我母亲在医院照看外祖母。

第12 页，共25 页

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试参考答案

2010.5

PartI Reading Comprehension

1-5 BCADA

6- 10 CADCB

11- 15 ADCBD

PartⅡ Vocabulary and Structure

16-20 BCABA

21-25 BCBBC

26-30 BCCDC

31-35 AACCA

36-40 ADACC

41-45 BDDCC

Part III Identification

46-50 DCBDC

51-55 CCBBA

Part IV Cloze

56-60 CAADC

61-65 BADBC

66-70 CBADC

71-75 BDDBA

Part V Translation

Section A

76. 某些流行明星发表声明或把自己树立为榜样，仿佛把药物用于非医疗目的是一个人的生活方式当中正常而可以接受的一部分。

77. 政府最大的忧虑之一就是人活得越长，遭受疾病和残疾的可能性就越大。

78. 另一个重大问题是有必要让年青一代理解并尊重社会中的老人。

79. 广泛的新研究表明，世界近几十年在减少贫困方面取得了非常大的进展。

80. 这项经济领域的新研究不会终止这一争论。

Section B

第 1 3 页，共25 页

81.He overslept and got up too late this morning and that was why he missed the train.

82.What conclusions did you reach in yesterday's meeting? 或 What was the outcome of

your meeting yesterday?

83.I bought an English-Chinese dictionary on my way home.

84.They didn't let me join their group until late December.

85. My father is looking for a job and my mother is looking after grandmother in the

hospital.

第 1 4 页，共25 页

参考答案及答案解析

第一部分阅读理解：

第一篇阅读

一、文章大意与结构分析

本文属于有关社会问题的议论文。介绍了联合国的一份对滥用毒品的研究报告。通过联合国对流行音乐行业对滥用毒品的影响的研究报告来说明由于流行音乐的全球化，在一定程度上造成了滥用毒品现象的扩大和蔓延。谴责一些媒体组织以及年轻人创造了容忍接受滥用毒品的环境，呼吁社会和政府履行责任，减少亲毒品信息对社

会尤其是青少年的影响。

二、试题解析

1. 【答案】B。细节题。根据原文第二段内容可知，流行音乐在年轻人当中影响巨大，而一些流行歌曲鼓励人们吸毒。因此可知选择B。

2. 【答案】C。词汇解释题。文章主要论述现代社会的吸毒现象与日俱增的原因，而首先提到的就是“流行音乐的影响”。所以根据文章上下文，可知流行

音乐正在受到大众的批评。

3. 【答案】A。细节题。根据文章第三段Such incidents end to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀f卓)the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use,可排除 B、C、D 选项。

4. 【答案】D。细节题。根据文章第四段， A、B、C 均提到过。所以选择D。

5. 【答案】A。细节题。 B 与文中意思相反。 C、D 未提到。

三、长难句分析

1. Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a person's lifestyle.某些流行明星发表声明或把自己树立为榜样，仿佛把药物用于非医疗目的是一个人的生活方式当中正常且可以接受的一部分。

此句难点在于as if+虚拟语气，与现在事实相反。

2. Such incidents end to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼)the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use.这样的事件往往被看成是哀悼人们行为榜样去世的时机，而不是被看成面对“娱乐性吸毒可怕影响的机

会”。

第15 页，共25 页

此句子主干是 Such incidents end。to be seen as..不定式作结果状语， notto.… 作为并列对比。

四、核心词汇

survive 存活 be blamed受责备 dramatic急剧的 abuse 滥用 release 释放，发表 by far 迄今为止 influential 有影响力的 trend-setter 潮流引导者 encourage 鼓励 make statements 发表声明 set examples 树立榜样 acceptable 可接受的 be regarded as 被认为 tolerant 容忍 point out 指出

五、全文翻译

价值数十亿美元的西方流行音乐产业正受到人们的攻击，联合国指责它导致了全球范围滥用毒品的现象迅速扩大且蔓延。联合国的国际麻醉品控制委员会在去年发表的一份研究报告中讲道：“最令人担心的是一种不反

对毒品的文化正在发展。”

这份74页的研究报告说，流行音乐，作为一项全球产业，是迄今大多数文化中对年轻人最有影响的潮流引导者。报告中提到：“ 一些音乐作品提倡人们吸食毒品。一些流行音乐明星发表言论，树立榜样，似乎表示非

治疗目的的吸毒是正常的，是可以接受的人们生活方式的一部分。”

该委员会说，令人吃惊的是，不反对毒品的流行音乐，在不时有“过量吸毒致死”的事件传出的同时，似乎还能够存活下来。该委员会指出“这样的事件往往被看成是哀悼人们行为榜样去世的时机，而不是被看成面对娱乐性吸毒可怕影响的机会”。自从20世纪70年代以来，有数位国际知名的歌手和电影明星死于吸毒或与吸毒相关的疾病，他们中包括 Elvis Presley (猫王), Janice Jophlin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin 以及 Andy Gibbs。随着流行音乐的全球化，容忍或鼓励滥用毒品的信息开始穿越国界传播到国外。研究报告说：“ 一些流行音乐明星的名字已经变得家喻户晓。”

联合国的这份研究报告同样也谴责媒体对于某些毒品问题的描述，这样做不是预防而是鼓励了毒品的滥用。该委员会的 Hamid Ghodse主席说： “在过去的那些年中，我们一直看到滥用毒品如何越来越被人们认为是可以接受甚至是有吸引力的。一些强有力的团体组织开展政治宣传活动，目标是使受到控制的毒品合法化。”Ghodse 还指出，所有的这些进展情况已创造了一种对滥用毒品容忍甚至有利的环境，而这种做法破坏了目前人们正在进行的国际毒品预防的种种努力。

这个研究主要集中于在容忍滥用毒品的环境中减少毒品需求和预防吸

第16 页，共25 页

毒的问题。该委员会号召各国政府履行他们在法律与道德上的责任，行动起来反对青年文化中的亲毒品信息，这种信息使青年人受到的影响越来越

大。

第二篇阅读

一、文章大意与结构分析

本文介绍了老年社会到来后需要注意的问题。第一段说大部分老年人都在发展中国家。后面几段讲到需要尽可能保证人们的身体健康、让年轻人对老年人保持尊重、

克服工作歧视等方面的内容。

二、试题解析

6. 【答案】C。根据文章第二段 it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China.可知

中国人口老化速度比法国快。

7. 【答案】A。根据原文第三段 One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾)可知政府最大的担心是人们上了年纪之后，生病和残

疾的可能性增大了。

8 . 【答案】 D。根据文章第四段 Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.可知

作者认为有必要让年青一代理解并尊重社会中的老年人。因此选择

。

9. 【答案】C。在文章第五、六段中可以找到A、B、D 的对应语句，而关于C 选项，文中只提到尽可能地保持人们身体健康，但未提到"free health care"。

因此选C。

10. 【答案】 B。根据文章最后一段可知，作者认为有必要为老年人建立一个合适的安全网，因此排除A (已经花了很多时间)、 C (太忙以至于不能解决这

个问题)、 D (很多时间和努力会被花掉)。

三、长难句分析

1. One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾).政府最大的忧虑之一就是人活得

越长，遭受疾病和残疾的可能性就越大。

本句难点在于找到 the more.the more.句型。

第 1 7 页，共25 页

2.Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.另一个重大问题是有必要让年青一代理解并尊重社会中的老年人。

本句难点在于看出句子的主干：主+表+宾+动词不定式短语作后置定语。

四、核心词汇

little-known 鲜为人知的 double 加倍 likelihood 可能性 fade away 慢慢减弱 attention 注意力

五、全文翻译

世界上有很多老人，而且将会越来越多。一个鲜为人知的事实是超过 60%的老人生活在发展中国家。根据世界卫生组织的调查，到2020年，将会有10亿老年人，而其中有7亿生活在发展中国家。

令人惊奇的是，在发展中国家，人口老龄化的速度特别快。例如，老年人口比例从7%增加到14%,法国需要115年的时间。而中国仅仅需要

27年的时间。

这些老人的数量增长意味着什么呢?政府最大的担忧之一就是人们活的时间越长，疾病和残疾的可能性就越大。保持人们尽可能健康(包括在

老年时期的身体健康)的需要越来越受到关注，以减少国家的财政负担。

另一个重要的问题是，需要让年青一代理解并尊重社会中的老年人。在一些非洲国家，当然还有亚洲，老年人很受到尊重，被视为拥有特别知识的人。然而，这种传统正在日渐消退，这不能够保证老年人继续得到尊

重。随着社会的变化，这种态度将会改变。

还需要做的事情是克服雇佣中的歧视。终身学习项目需要提供给有能

力的老年人以使他们能够在社会发展中成为活跃成员。

需要建立社会安全政策来为老年人提供足够的收人保证。私人和公众

方面的策划对于建立一个合适的安全网都很重要。

第三篇阅读

一、文章大意与结构分析

本文介绍了世界范围内的经济增长与消灭贫困的问题。介绍了经济学家们对于如何消灭贫困、发展世界经济的看法，以及人们对世界银行和国际货币组织一些措施的看法。

二、试题解析

第18 页，共25 页

11. 【答案】A。根据文章第一段“每天生活费不高于1美元的人口比例正在减少”可

知，“poverty has plunged”的意思是“贫困正在减少”。

12. 【答案】D。根据文章第二段，可知世界上仍然还有很多贫困人口存在，在如何解决这个问题上，一些研究者并不完全同意世界银行的某些做法。另外，根据做题技巧， A 选项的nothing,B 选项的 only 和 C 选项的 all

都是表示绝对性的词，因此排除。

13. 【答案】C。根据文章第一段，the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $l a day or less shrank from 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in

1980 and 12 percent in 1999.

14.【答案】B。根据文章最后一段，在本国行业弱小的时候限制进口(limiting imports), 鼓励向富裕国家出口( pushing exports),控制单纯的国际流资 (putting

controls on purely international financial flows )。但是引进外资企业

(foreign-owned factories)的时候，必须保证这些投资者与本国分享先

进技术。

15. 【答案】D。主旨题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍全球性的减少贫困问题，

而非某个国家或组织的行为，因此 A、B、C 均为以偏概全。

三、长难句分析

1. Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades.广泛的新研究表明，世界近几十年在减少贫困方面取得了非常大的进展。

本句主干：主+谓+宾语从句； make progress in.在 ……方面取得进展。

2.The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute.这项经济领域的新

研究不会终止这一争论。

put an end to.….让某个事件结束。

四、核心词汇

extensive 广泛的 extraordinary 显著的 poverty 贫困 maintain 维持，坚持 hasten 加快，加速

五、全文翻译

广泛的新研究表明，世界近几十年在减少贫困方面取得了非常大的进展。研究表明经济快速进步的状况已经持续了数十年，这是在相对稳定的政局、增加的贸易量、两次世界大战后经济自由化的基础上进行的。一个

由华盛顿国际经济学研究所最近发表的新研究发现，世界上61亿人当中，

第19 页，共25 页

每天生活费不足1 美元的人口比例从1950年的63%缩小到了1980年的 35%和1999年的12%,用其他方法测量，进步可能稍缓一些。然而，经济学家认为，在一些关键国家，比如印度，尤其是中国，贫困的减少是由于控制人口增长的同时经济自由。"这是一个世界范围的巨大成功，"哈佛大学的经济学家 Richard Cooper 说道，“我们正在做一些正确的事情。”

最近有消息称，世界银行将会在华盛顿召开年度会议 — — 一个最近几年备受争论的事件，该银行及她的姊妹机构(国际货币组织)的抗议者们认为它们对于世界贫困的贡献实在太少。这个新经济研究将不会给这个争论画上句号。广大的人口仍然贫困，而且很多人还在怀疑世界银行政策的明智性。虽然如此，这些研究结论将会有助于理解这些机构和其他致力于加快世界经济进步的组织奉行什么样的政策。如果出现大幅增长的话，那么现在的政策 — — 号召开放市场、自由经济活动和收紧货币政策 — — 就是正确的。

但是，对于国际货币组织和世界银行的批评认为，在日本、中国、韩国和新加坡的经济成功故事根源不仅仅在于“自由”市场。这些国家努力快速增长，以消灭贫困，在国内企业弱小的时候限制进口，推动向富裕国家出口，对纯粹的国际游资进行控制。他们已经对外资企业开放，但是强调这些投资者必须分享他们现代的技术和知识。

第二部分词语用法和语法结构

16.【答案】B。neither 否定两个， none 否定三个以上。他父母都不说英语，在这样的家庭里他学习这种语言很难。

17.【答案】C。倍数+as+ 形容词原级+ as。你最好乘火车去。火车票的价格是飞机票的三分之一。

18.【答案】A。superior to优于；junior初级的；senior 高级的；equal 相等的。这个新机器在技术上远优于前一种型号的机器。

19.【答案】B。-ing形式作定语修饰evidence,有大量证据证明音乐活动使大脑的不同部分活跃起来。

20.【答案】A。because of 因为；in spite of 尽管；instead of 代替； in honor of 纪念。她成为第一个进人学校学习的女性，但是没过几天就因为压力太大而退出了。

21.【答案】B。不选As,因为这个句子是主语从句，不是定语从句，主句缺少成分。我们都知道的是2012年奥林匹克运动会将在伦敦举行。

22.【答案】C。of+名词=形容词。这些墓穴的发现对于研究中国历史的学者来说具有

第20 页，共25 页

重大意义。

23. 【答案】B。relieved缓解；reflected 反应； responded 回应； recovered 恢复。 Sean

对祖国强烈的热爱在他最近发表的诗歌里充分表现出来了。

24. 【答案】B。正在进行时的被动语态。你安静一会儿好吗?正在播天气预报呢，我

想听。

25.【答案】C。bring out 出版，说出；let out 放掉；leave out遗漏；make out 书写，拼凑。

老师强调学生在复述故事的时候不要遗漏任何重要的细节。

26. 【答案】B。accurately 精确地； cautiously 小心地； brilliantly 聪明地； disappointedly

失望地。这个男士小心地向前移动并且看看四周，缩了缩肩膀。

27. 【答案】C。evidence 证据； recognition 认出，承认； identity 身份；status 地位。

警察正努力找出在交通事故中丧命的这位女士的身份。

28. 【答案】C。By no means开头的句子要倒装。这绝不是她第一次向她的父母说谎。

29. 【答案】D。fall 降落； leak 泄露； lack 缺乏； reduce 减少，使 ……减少。如果国

家现在不采取措施的话，天气变化会使小麦和水稻极大地减产。

30. 【答案】C。她总是在我生日时候买一些好东西给我。 something某些； anything 任

何。

31. 【答案】A。名词从句，主句缺少宾语，从句缺少主语，因此选择 what。他没能完

成人们对他的期望。

32.【答案】A。considerate 体贴的；considerable 相当的； considering 考虑到；considered

被考虑到。你提早安排老板和我们的团队会面，真是考虑太周到了。

33. 【答案】C。省略 if的条件虚拟语气，对过去虚拟。如果他上次来上课了的话，我

本可以告诉他上课时间有变化的。

34. 【答案】C。mask 面具； mine 矿；sail航行，帆； satellite人造卫星。昨晚风真大，

把船帆都撕成两三片了。

35. 【答案】A。Despite 尽管；Thanks to 由于；Since 由于；Like像。就算把人们外出在这

里吃饭的所有的钱都加在一起，饭馆的盈利仍然不足5%。

36. 【答案】A。Many a man很多，但是习惯上谓语动词用单数。很多人认为没有目

的的生活是没有意义的。

37. 【答案】D。may + 动词原形，表示对现在的推测。约翰是20分钟前从家里出去

的。通常从家到办公室开车需要半个小时的时间，所以他现在可能一

会儿就会到了。

38. 【答案】A。地名前不加冠词。香港经常被认为是一个商务、金融和旅游的国际中

心。

39. 【答案】C。go out 出去； go up 向上； go over查看，重温； go by 路过。他们一遍

又一遍地查看会议时间表，直到他们对每个细节都满意了为止。

第21 页，共25 页

40. 【答案】C。tell 有“分辨”的意思，其他选项没有这个含义。学校应该教给孩子

们各种学科，更重要的是教给他们如何分辨好坏。

41. 【答案】B。将来完成时。你做完家庭作业的时候，我们所有人都能够完成我们手

头的工作了，我确信。

42. 【答案】 D。put aside 把 ……放在一边， look down upon看不起， break out爆发

come up with 赶上，提出。在困难的时候，查理总是能够提出解决方案。

43. 【答案】D。follow 跟从； receive收到； ask for 请求。在建造房子之前，你不得不

请求政府的准许。

44. 【答案】C。pick up 获得，收集。 have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。主管让她的助手给

员工们买一些热狗来。

45. 【答案】C。 -ing 形式作状语。粉丝们把帽子扔向空中，为获胜队大声叫喊，庆祝

胜利。

第三部分挑错：

46. 【答案】D。应改为 will you。考查祈使句的反义疑问句。当你读完那本书的时候，

不要忘了把它放回原处，好吗?

47. 【答案】C。应改为should be。考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。 demand 引导的宾语从句需要用 should+ 动词原形。工厂的工人要求他们的工资

应该提高20%。

48. 【答案】B。应改为to be seen。固定用法： It remains to be seen 尚待分晓。还不知道

吉姆是否适合参加决赛。

49. 【答案】D。应改为none of。三个人否定用none。我邀请了 Joe、Linda 和 Tom, 但

是他们全都没来。

50. 【答案】 C。应改为one。固定用法： one. another一个另一个。在过去的

20年中，网络已经帮助我们的世界用一种或另一种更好的方式发生了

改变。

51. 【答案】C。应改为 being spoken。这种语言在被非常少的人使用的情况下，如何、

为何存活了一千多年的问题很难解释。

52. 【答案】C。应改为 older。几乎半数的25 岁以上的美国人参加了某种形式的继

续教育。

53. 【答案】B。应改为on。keep an eye on对某事密切注意。很多父母觉得，出于对

犯罪和学校暴力的担忧，他们需要密切注意他们的孩子。

54. 【答案】B。应改为 spent。句子中已有谓语动词 increased,因此， spend 应改为非谓

语形式。而时间与主语time 的关系是被动关系，因此采用过去分词形

第 2 2 页，共25 页

式。对于巳婚母亲来说，2009 年花在孩子身上的时间增加到了平均

每星期12.9小时。

55. 【答案】A。应改为 increasing。越来越多的证据证明，越来越多的年轻人在积极

关注政治。

第四部分完形填空

一、文章大意与结构分析

文章介绍了如何对待网络安全的问题，如何让青少年加强网络安全意识的问题。

二、试题解析

56.【答案】C。同位语从句，先行词是reason,从句解释说明 reason 的内容。因此选择

why。

57. 【答案】A。根据文章下一句 shutting down the site is not the answer 可知，这一段

在讨论这个网站是否应该被关闭。因此可知选择A。

58.【答案】A。转折关系。关闭这个网站不是解决问题的根本办法。

59.【答案】D。虚拟语气。假设关闭这个网站，还会有其他的类似网站兴起。 60.【答案】C。take its place取代它的位置。

61.【答案】B。about 关于。

62.【答案】A。avoid 避免，躲避。

63.【答案】D。the key to doing sth.(做)某事的关键。

64.【答案】B。首先要介绍给青少年的应该是最简单实用的方法。

65.【答案】C。so that 以便于，表示目的。

66.【答案】C。虽然这一招有效，但是并不完美。

67.【答案】B。whether.or 不论是...…还是。

68.【答案】A。personal information 个人信息。

69.【答案】D。巳有谓语动词 post,所以let用非谓语动词形式。

70.【答案】C。让窃掠者知道是什么时候去哪里。

71.【答案】B。任何更多的东西无异于在邀请窃掠者进人你的生活。

72.【答案】D。completely 完全跳过相片这一项。

73.【答案】D。没有本人的准许不要把他的照片放在网上。

74.【答案】B。under any circumstances 在任何情况下。

75.【答案】A。不论你自认为对这个人有多熟悉，都不要在真实生活中与网上认识的

人见面。

三、长难句分析

第23 页，共25 页

If myspace.com were shut down, another site would quickly replace its place. 一个这样的

网站关闭了，会有其他类似的网站取而代之。

If条件句中用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况。

四、核心词汇

figure out 想出 indeed 确实 shut down 关闭

五、全文翻译

在所有的网站中，一个最近受到关注的网站就是 myspacexom。大多数对于它的关注来自于媒体评论这个网站应该被关闭的种种理由。窃掠者的威胁确实是个事实，但是关闭这个网站并不能够解决这个问题。因为，一个这样的网站关闭了，会有其他类似的网站取而代之。因此正确的方法应该是教会青少年如何安全地使用网络并教育他们如何分辨谁可能是窃掠者，如何避免他们。

在网络上保证自己安全的关键在于确保个人资料的安全。最简单的方法是把你的资料改为“私有”,这可以保护你的资料以便于只有在你朋友列表上的人才能够看到它们。但是，尽管这个办法有效，但是它仍然不完美。窃掠者如果真的想要看到这些资料，他们会找出各种办法查看你的资料，例如，通过黑客入侵或者从你的朋友列表上想办法。因此，你不应该上传太多的个人信息。实际上，一些人上传他们家和学校的地址、出生日期等，经常让窃掠者知道他们将会什么时间去什么地方。

最安全的信息是你的名字和省份。其他再多的信息无异于邀请窃掠者进人你的生活。另一个大问题是相片。我建议完全跳过这一步，绝不要在没有对方允许的情况下上传朋友的相片。

更重要的是，在任何情况下，不论你自认为对这个人有多熟悉，都不要在真实生活中与网上认识的人见面。没有任何人能保证他们所说的是真

实的。

第五部分翻译

一、英译汉

76.某些流行明星发表声明或把自己树立为榜样，仿佛把药物用于非医疗目的是一个人的生活方式当中正常且可以接受的一部分。

77.政府最大的忧虑之一就是人活得越长，遭受疾病和残疾的可能性就越大。

第24 页，共25 页

78. 另一个重大问题是，有必要让年青一代理解并尊重社会中的老年人。

79. 广泛的新研究表明，世界近几十年在减少贫困方面取得了非常大的进展。

80. 这项经济领域的新研究不会终止这一争论。

二、汉译英