必修四高三英语一轮复习资料24 Unit 15 learning基础语境串记

必修四高三英语一轮复习资料24 Unit 15  learning基础语境串记

重点单词

Ⅰ.核心必记单词

1．blank adj.空白的；空虚的；单调的；n.空白；空虚；空白表格

2．chief adj.最高级别的→chiefly adv.主要地；首先

3．punishment n．惩罚，处罚→punish vt.惩罚，处罚

4．slight adj.少量的，微小的→slightly adv.轻微地

5．obey vt.服从，听从

6．outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的

7．select vt.挑选→selection n．挑选

8．misunderstand v．误解→misunderstanding n．误解

9．lack vt.& n．缺乏，没有→lacking adj.缺乏的，不足的

10．access n．(使用或见到的)机会，权利→accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的

11. worthwhile adj.值得努力的→worthy adj.值得的→worth adj.值得的，有价值的；n.价值

12. ignore vt.忽视，不顾→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知

13．beneficial adj.有用的，有益的→benefit v．对有益；受益

14．assume vt.假定，假设→assumption n．假定，假设

15．adapt vt.(使)适应→adaptation n．适应；改编→adaptable adj.能适应的；可改编的

Ⅱ.阅读识记单词

16．correction n．改正，改进→correct adj.正确的；vt.改正→correctly adv.正确地

17．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的；单纯的→simply adv.简单地；仅仅

18．secure adj.稳定的；无忧无虑的→security n．安全；保证

19．suspect v．怀疑；n.嫌疑犯→suspicious adj.怀疑的

20．status n．现状；社会地位

21．instruct v．指导，教导→instructive adj.有益的；有教育意义的→instruction n．教育，指导

22．bury vt.埋葬

23．distinguish vt.区别，辨别→distinguished adj.高贵的；卓越的，杰出的

24．conservative adj.保守的，旧式的

25．alternative adj.非传统的；另类的；n.替代品，可供选择的事物

26．reputation n．名誉，名声

27．loose adj.(指言行等)不严谨的，放荡的→loosely adv.松散地；粗略地

28．mild adj.温和的

29．reflect vt.反射；反映→reflection n．反映；映像

30．pour vt.倒，灌

31．acquire vt.获得，得到→acquisition n．获得；习得

32．defence n．保卫，保护→defend v．保卫

33．approve v．赞成；认可；满意→approval n．批准；认可；赞成

34．urge vt.力劝，强烈要求→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n．紧急；迫切

35．inspire v．启发；鼓舞→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspired adj.受启示的

36．conventional adj.传统的，保守的

37．civilisation n．文明

38．vital adj.极其重要的

39．appreciation n．欣赏→appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；领会

语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]

1．There has been a slight(slightly) increase in the consumption of meat.

2．It is beneficial(benefit) to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.

3．We can simplify(simple) the rules that seem too complex to follow correctly.

4．The speech was interesting and instructive(instruct)．

5．After every game we will select(selection) the best players.(2017·全国Ⅲ)

6．If you have written the wrong name in an email，it is best to learn to write the name correctly(correct)．(2017·天津)

7．He loves the  security (secure) of a happy home life.

8．My calculations were based on the assumption(assume) that house prices would remain steady.

9．The writer’s mother liked to read Patty Poem probably because it reflected(reflect) her own childhood.(2016·上海)

10．He gave his life in defence(defend) of his country.

11．The most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.(adapt)(2017·江苏)

12．In addition to reading for knowledge，we read for fun and inspiration(inspire)．

高频短语

1．frankly speaking坦率地说

2．lay off裁员；解雇

3．go blank发呆；默然

4．go up上涨；上升

5．aside from除之外

6．switch off关闭

7．to a certain extent在某种程度上

8．set off引发；使爆炸；出发

9．to start with首先，第一

10．be accustomed to习惯于

11．tend to往往会，倾向于

12．put forward提出

13．approve of赞成，赞许

14．as a whole总的来说；总体上

15．in conclusion总之

语境活用　[选用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空]

1．We must consider these matters as a whole，not one by one.

2．I’ve been accustomed to the life in America.You know，I’ve been here for two years.

3．More attention should be paid to the problem put forward at the meeting.

4．Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders，but once I started the car，my mind went blank.(2017·全国Ⅰ)

5．Be sure to switch off the light when you leave the office.

6．I approve of your using my car，but you must return it on time.

7．Even worse，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017·全国Ⅰ)

8．To start with，what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 am next Friday.(2017·全国Ⅰ)

1．学习过程词汇集锦

(1)concentrate vi.集中(精力)

(2)acquire vt.获得；得到

(3)absorb vt.吸收；理解

(4)grasp vt.理解；领会；n.掌握

(5)master vt.精通；掌握

2．信不信由你

(1)belief n．相信；信任

(2)faith n．信任；信念

(3)convince v．使确信

(4)suspect vt.怀疑；猜想

(5)doubt vt.怀疑，不相信

(6)reliable adj.可靠的

3．优秀的形容词家族

(1)outstanding杰出的

(2)excellent优秀的

(3)splendid极好的

(4)first-class头等的，最优的

4．总之短语大冲关

(1)in conclusion总之，最后

(2)in a word 总之

(3)in short总之

(4)all in all总而言之

(5)in summary概括起来

5．go＋adj.短语集锦

(1)go mad/crazy发疯

(2)go hungry挨饿

(3)go bad变坏；变质

(4)go blind失明

(5)go blank发呆，默然

6．说法不一

(1)relatively speaking相对而言

(2)honestly speaking说实话

(3)generally speaking一般来说

(4)roughly speaking粗略地说

(5)strictly speaking严格地说

(6)frankly speaking坦白地说，老实说

经典句式

1．be about to do sth.将要做某事

Now I’m about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.

如今通过远程教育我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了，并会获得该院计算机工程学的学士学位。

句式仿写　安静！电影马上开始。

Be quiet！The film is about to start.

2．It was time (that)．..该是的时候了。

I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.

我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。

句式仿写　该是你反省思过的时候了。

It is time that you reflected/should reflect upon/on your mistakes.

3．不带to的动词不定式作表语

So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you’ve ever learnt.

许多人认为一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大脑关闭，把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。

句式仿写　你所需要做的是把精力集中(focus)在一件事情上。

All you need to do is focus on one thing.

4．wish＋宾语从句

I suppose I was a bit lazy and now I wish I’d done more work，especially in maths.

我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。

句式仿写　埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家，我希望我跳得像她一样好。(2015·陕西)

Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I danced as well as her.

（2018年北京卷）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

(1) 表示欢迎；

(2) 推荐他上哪所大学；

(3) 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：(1). 词数不少于50；

(2). 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【满分范文】

Dear Jim,

    I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.

    I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

热身：

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

High-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping are China’s four new ways of life. They are most appealing to youths from 20 countries participating ___61___ the Belt and Road Initiative. The new four great inventions are all related to China’s gigh0tech innovation, ___62___ has improved the quality of people’s lives, my wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want ___63___ (simple) with a tap of my phone, said Lin Jinlong, an overseas Chinese student from Cambodia, ___64___ (add) that even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment).

In ___65___ word, China is leading in many ways. Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made it much more convenient and ___66___ (enjoy) both in China and overseas. Leading Chinese bike-sharing ___67___ (company), Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain. Users in the countries ___68___ (feel) excited and posted photos of ___69___ (they) riding the Chinese bikes on social media. A growing number of foreigners hope ___70___ (promote) economic development in their home countries by paying more attention to the achievement of China.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

Challenges of life remind me of my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training. It was the first time I have lived far away from my home, so I found difficult to fit in. And the trained officer was strict with me. I once think I could not stick to the end. And anyway, I succeeded. The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life, and the difficulty I came across have now all become a precious memory in my life. In a short, I have learned to regard the challenges of life like a stepping stone to future success.

热身：听力：

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 (共5小题；每小题l.5分，满分7.5分)  

    听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。一天一套 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例： How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19.15.   B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.

答案是 C。

1. What time is it now?

A. 9:10.    B. 9:50.    C.10:00.

2. What does the woman think of the weather?

   A. It’s nice.     B. It’s warm.   C. It’s cold.

3. What will the man do?

   A. Attend a meeting.   B. Give a lecture.   C. Leave his office.

4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course?

   A. Too hard.      B. Worth taking.       C. Very easy.

5. What does the woman want the man to do?

   A. Speak louder.   B. Apologize to her.   C. Turn off the radio.

第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，一天一套 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。中学联盟试题

6. How long did Michael stay in China?

A. Five days.          B. One week.         C. Two weeks.

7. Where did Michael go last year?

A. Russia.         B. Norway.          C. India.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What food does Sally like?

A. Chicken.        B. Fish.        C. Eggs.

9. What are the speakers going to do?

A. Cook dinner.      B. Go shopping.       C. Order dishes.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where are the speakers?

A. In a hospital.         B. In the office.       C. At home.

11. When is the report due?

A. Thursday.       B. Friday.         C. Next Monday.

12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?

A. Improve it.   B. Hand it in later.   C. Leave it with him.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。中学联盟试题

13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Salesperson and customer. B. Homeowner and cleaner.  C. Husband and wife.

14. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?

A. One with two bedrooms. B. One without furniture.    C. One near market.

15. How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment?

A. $350.           B. $400.         C. $415.

16. Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?

A. On Lake Street.     B. On Market Street.    C. On South Street.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What percentage of the world’s tea exports go to Britain?

   A. Almost 15%.      B. About 30%.        C. Over 40%.

18. Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk?

   A. Most British people drink tea that way.

   B. Tea tastes much better with milk.

   C. Tea with milk is healthy.

19. Who suggests a price for each tea?

   A. Tea tasters.  B. Tea exporters. C. Tea companies.

20. What is the speaker talking about?

   A. The life of tea tasters. zxlm B. Afternoon tea in Britain. C. The London Tea Trade Centre.

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，一天一套 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Apart from the mental relief of people’s mind, another major aspect of Taoist influence on Chinese culture 61．(be) its influence on martial arts.中学联盟试题

Wudang martial arts based on the Taoist ideology62． (create) by one of the most famous Taoists, 63．(name) Zhang Sanfeng in the early years of the Ming Dynasty. Wudang martial arts are a great contribution 64．  Wudang Taoism, which is 65． famous branch of Chinese Taoism. Taoism holds that there are basic, everlasting and supernatural principles in the earth  66． are called Tao, suggesting softness,67．(quiet), emptiness and harmony.

All these can be presented by tai chi, yin and yang, the five elements and the eight diagrams tactics（八卦图）. Under the direction of these philosophical 68． (theory), this kung fu style gains good effects in the boxing and sword skills.

Despite the mighty skills, 69．(advocate) peace is the essence of Wudang martial arts. The Taoist ideology teaches that war is immoral and 70．(fair). Accordingly, Taoism believes that kung fu is learned for protection but not destruction.zxlm

第二节：短文改错

Mr Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirty and has been teaching in almost ten years. He has much knowledges and his teaching method is scientific. That he teaches us in class leaves a deep impression on us . All of us have learned a lot. Not only he strict but also he is kind and patiently. We often make mistakes, and he seldom blames us and just gave his encouragement to us. With his help , we have made a great progress. As a result, he is popular with our students. We all love him.

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary
  It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s _61_ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,   _62_ means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few  _63_ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough _64_the rest of your life, and that’s also true for building your vocabularyyou have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
   One of the  _65_ (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to _66_ (real)read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it  _67_ (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while  _68_ (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and  _69_ (they)use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words _70_ (learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.

第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

  In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, Speed up! Slow down! Turning left! I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.