感悟高考英语之冠词、代词点拨
冠词和代词是高考英语必考的语法知识点。高考对冠词的考查重点主要是定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词的灵活运用。在语法填空和短文改错中考查频率较多。代词主要考查人称代词,物主代词,反身代词的用法。具体看近年高考试卷。
1.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead, she is earning £6,500 a day as ________ model in New York.
【答案】a 此处表示作为一名模特,应用不定冠词a。
2.(2017·浙江6月)For Pahlsson, its return was ________ wonder.
【答案】a 此处泛指一个奇迹,应用不定冠词a。
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ________ every day.
【答案】it 此处指代前面的the railway,故用it。
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, ________ other is with mumshe never suspects.
【答案】the one...the other...一个另一个,为固定用法。
5.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
【答案】a for a while一会儿,为固定短语。
6.(2017·浙江卷6月)She thought I had hurt ________ (I),says Pahlsson.
【答案】myself 根据句意可知,此处表示她以为我伤到我自己了,应用I的反身代词,故填myself。
7.(2016·浙江卷)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ________ in the UK.
【答案】that 这里指代前面的不可数名词education system,为避免重复,所以用that。
8.(2016·四川卷)By that time,the panda no longer needed ________(it) mother for food.
【答案】its 此处用形容词性物主代词its修饰mother。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)In the summer holiday following my eighteenth birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was.________
【答案】first前加the或my 由于序数词first前应该用定冠词the或者用限定词进行修饰,故first前加the或my。
2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.________
【答案】hour前a→an/one hour是以元音音素开头的单词,前面要用不定冠词an。表示一个小时可以用an hour也可以用one hour。所以hour前a改为an/one。
3.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we stay at home, it is comfortable and there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world.________
【答案】world前加the 冠词漏用。world是独一无二的事物,前面要加定冠词the。
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.________
【答案】the→a 考查冠词错用。in a short period of time在短时间内为固定搭配,故the改为a。
5.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school, and it takes them about an hour and a half to go to work every day.________
【答案】all→both或去掉all 词法错误。Mr. and Mrs. Zhang是两个人,故用both。因both在此作同位语,也可以去掉。all指的是三者或三者以上。故将all改为both或去掉all。
6.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.________
【答案】they→that/which 句法错误。things是先行词,后面是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,故引导词用that或which。故将they改为that/which。
7.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.________
【答案】yourself→myself 句意:起初,我认为我什么都知道,可以自己拿主意。根据主语I可知,应用myself。故将yourself改为myself。
8.(2015·浙江卷)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.________
【答案】them→it 此处代词them指代前面的park,应是单数,所以用it。故them改为it。
9.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself...Around me in picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.________
【答案】第二个picture前加the/this 此处特指前句中提到过的picture,所以加the或this。
10.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At the first,I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.________
【答案】去掉the at first起初;一开始,为固定短语。
11.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.________
【答案】many→much 此处应用代词much指代much money,作动词cost的宾语;many通常指代可数名词复数。
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