专业硕士考前辅导

绝密★启用前 

2018 英才计划（含保过）入学测试卷 

[英语二] 

本测试题共四部分，第一部分为词汇和句型结构测试，第二部分为阅读理解，第三部分为翻译，第四部分为写作。 

第一部分每小题 1 分，共 12 分；第二部分每小题 3 分，共 48 分，第三部分 15 分，第四部分小作文 10 分。大作文 15 

分，共 25 分。第一部分、第二部分为客观题，请从 A、B、C、D 四个选择中选择一个正确选项，填入答题卡，第三部 

分、第四部分为主观题，请将答案填入答题纸对应处。总分 100 分，测试时间为 120 分钟。 

考生注意事专业硕士考前辅导

1 

2018 年考研英语二入学测试卷（一） 

时间：120 分钟 

Section I 

Structure and Vocabulary 

Part A 

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. 

Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by 

blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (6 points) 

1. If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I ________ my head in my hands for a cry. 

[A] bury 

[B] am burying 

[C] buried 

[D] would bury 

2. Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port ________ half 

a day before the defenders actually surrendered. 

[A] to announce 

[B] announced 

[C] announcing 

[D] was announced 

3. According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one ________ wait 

instead of searching for it. 

[A] would rather 

[B] had to 

[C] cannot but 

[D] had best 

4. She felt suitably humble just as she ________ when he had first taken a good look at her city self, 

hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed. 

[A] had 

[B] had had 

[C] would have and [D] has had 

5. There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite ________ from 

leadership of it, would intervene personally. 

[A] being resigned 

[B] having resigned 

[C] going to resign [D] resign 

6. So involved with their computers ________ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to 

force them to break for sports and games. 

[A] became the children 

[B] become the children 

[C] had the children become 

[D] do the children become

Part B 

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. 

Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by 

blackening the corresponding letter in the rackets with a pencil. (6 points) 

7. He is too young to be able to ________ between right and wrong. 

[A] discard 

[B] discern 

[C] disperse 

[D] disregard 

8. It was no ________ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery. 

[A] coincidence 

[B] convention 

[C] certainty 

[D] complication 

9. One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships ________ follow traffic 

rules in busy harbors. 

[A] cautiously 

[B] dutifully 

[C] faithfully 

[D] skillfully 

10. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be 

________ the welfare of his animals. 

[A] critical about 

[B] indignant at 

[C] indifferent to 

[D] subject to 

11. The chairman of the board ________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm 

can no longer afford to employ. 

[A] compelled 

[B] posed 

[C] pressed 

[D] tempted 

12. It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with ________. 

[A] for long 

[B] in and out 

[C] once for all 

[D] by nature 

Section II Reading Comprehension 

Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four 

answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of

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the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in 

the brackets with a pencil. (48 points) 

Text 1 

Crows and their relatives—among them ravens, magpies and jays—are renowned for their 

intelligence and for their ability to flourish in human-dominated landscapes. That ability may have to do 

with cross-species social skills. In the Seattle area, where rapid suburban growth has attracted a thriving 

crow population, researchers have found that the birds can recognize individual human faces. 

John M. Marzluff, a wildlife biologist at the University of Washington, has studied crows and ravens 

for more than 20 years and has long wondered if the birds could identify individual researchers. 

Previously trapped birds seemed more wary of particular scientists, and often were harder to catch. “I 

thought, ‘Well, it’s an annoyance, but it’s not really hampering our work,’ ” Dr. Marzluff said. “But then I 

thought we should test it directly.” 

To test the birds’ recognition of faces separately from that of clothing, gait and other individual 

human characteristics，Dr. Marzluff and two students wore rubber masks. He designated a caveman mask 

as “dangerous” and, in a deliberate gesture of civic generosity, a Dick Cheney mask as “neutral”. 

Researchers in the dangerous mask then trapped and banded seven crows on the university’s campus in 

Seattle. 

In the months that followed, the researchers and volunteers donned the masks on campus, this time 

walking prescribed routes and not bothering crows. 

The crows had not forgotten. They scolded people in the dangerous mask significantly more than 

they did before they were trapped, even when the mask was disguised with a hat or worn upside down. 

The neutral mask provoked little reaction. The effect has not only persisted, but also multiplied over the 

past two years. Wearing the dangerous mask on one recent walk through campus, Dr. Marzluff said, he 

was scolded by 47 of the 53 crows he encountered; many more than had experienced or witnessed the 

initial trapping. The researchers hypothesize that crows learn to recognize threatening humans from both 

parents and others in their flock. 

Kevin J. McGowan, an ornithologist at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology who has trapped and 

banded crows in upstate New York for 20 years, said he was regularly followed by birds who have 

benefited from his handouts of peanuts—and harassed by others he has trapped in the past. 

Why crows and similar species are so closely attuned to humans is a matter of debate. Bernd Heinrich, 

a professor emeritus at the University of Vermont known for his books on raven behavior, suggested that 

crows’ apparent ability to distinguish among human faces is a “byproduct of their acuity,” an outgrowth 

of their unusually keen ability to recognize one another, even after many months of separation. 

Dr. McGowan and Dr. Marzluff believe that this ability gives crows and their brethren an 

evolutionary edge. “If you can learn who to avoid and who to seek out, that’s a lot easier than continually 

getting hurt,” Dr. Marzluff said. “I think it allows these animals to survive with us—and take advantage 

of us—in a much safer, more effective way.” 

13. What is the main idea of this passage? 

[A] The intelligence of birds’ recognition of faces.

[B] Crows are extremely clever. 

[C] Crows are renowned for their intelligence and for their ability. 

[D] Crows’ apparent ability to distinguish among human faces. 

14. The word “wary” (in Paragraph 2) most probably means _______. 

. 

[A] cautious 

[B] clever 

[C] worried 

[D] anxious 

15. In the experiment, birds _______. 

[A] can’t recognize the caveman mask 

[B] can’t distinguish the researcher when his mask was disguised with a hat 

[C] will not sponge out who they have seen 

[D] will fly when they see the people in the dangerous mask 

16. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph? 

[A] Crows may have the ability to recognize human faces. 

[B] Wearing the dangerous mask is much safer than ever. 

[C] Crows learn to recognize threatening humans from their parents. 

[D] The neutral mask caused more reaction. 

Text 2 

There are plenty of ways to cut your carbon footprint, whether it’s driving less or buying an 

energy-efficient refrigerator. But the British Medical Journal, in an editorial last month, urged a more 

controversial one: having fewer children. 

With 60 million people already living in one of the most densely populated countries in the world, the 

journal said, British couples should aim to have no more than two children as part of their contribution to 

worldwide efforts to reduce carbon emissions, stem climate change and ease demands on the world’s 

resources. 

Limiting family size is “the simplest and biggest contribution anyone can make to leaving a habitable 

planet for our grandchildren”, the editorial’s authors said. Family planning as a means to reduce climate 

change has been little talked about in international climate forums, largely because it is so politically 

sensitive. China’s leaders, however, regularly argue that their country should get emission reduction 

credits because of their one-child policy, and many environmentalists—and even a growing number of 

religious and ethics scholars—say the biblical command to “be fruitful and multiply” needs to be 

balanced against Scripture calling for stewardship of the Earth. 

The appeal to have fewer children sounds a bit odd in Europe, where one of the biggest worries these 

days is plunging birthrates. German women today bear an average of 1.3 children, fewer than women in 

China, where the one-child policy is fast weakening. Even British women are giving birth to just 1.9 

children on average, a level below that needed to produce a stable population. 

But each child born in a rich country like Britain or the United States is likely to be responsible for 

160 times as much carbon emitted as a child born in Ethiopia, said John Guillebaud, a British 

family-planning doctor, professor and one of the authors of the British Medical Journal editorial. With 

efforts to cut emissions likely to go only so far, cutting births may be the best option, he said. “We’re not 

Big Brother. We’re not for pushing people.” He insisted in an interview, “We just think deciding how big

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a family to have should take into consideration our descendants.” At the current projected rates of growth, 

the world’s population, now at 6.7 billion, is expected to reach about 9 billion by 2050. Environmentalists 

argue that a population that large will dramatically overtax the world’s resources and lead to growing 

conflict as well as potentially crippling climate change, particularly as poorer parts of the world develop 

and begin using more resources. 

17. Which of the following is the best title for this text? 

[A] The Serious Issue Facing Our Society Today—Climate Change 

[B] The Growing Conflict as well as Pollution 

[C] Save the Planet—Have Fewer Kids 

[D] How to Control the Population in the World 

18. Which of the following is true of the text? 

[A] British couples must have no more than two children. 

[B] England is the most densely populated country in the world. 

[C] Environmentalists believe that a large population will dramatically sit heavy on the 

world’s 

resources. 

[D]Each child born in a rich country like Britain or the United States equals well that born in Ethiopia 

19. What can we learn from the third paragraph? 

[A] Family planning is a commonly-accepted view mentioned in some international forums 

[B] “Multiply” should be equilibrated with Scripture calling for stewardship of the Earth. 

[C] Politicians dislike the family planning. 

[D] One-child policy is the best policy for all the countries which should get emission reduction credits. 

20. Why the appeal to have fewer children sounds a little odd in Europe? 

[A] Because the sharply dropping birthrates have become one of the most burning issues. 

[B] Because it doesn’t matter for Europe, such as Germany and England. 

[C] Because these countries take some steps to control its population. 

[D] Because the world makes efforts to control the population. 

Text 3 

Teenagers listen to an average of nearly 2.5 hours of music per day. Guess what they’re hearing 

about?

One in three popular songs contains explicit references to drug or alcohol use, according to a new 

report in the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. That means kids are receiving about 35 

references to substance abuse for every hour of music they listen to, the authors determined. 

While songs about drugs and excess are nothing new, the issue is getting more attention because so 

many children now have regular access to music out of the earshot of parents. Nearly 9 out of 10 

adolescents and teens have an MP3 player or a compact disc player in their bedrooms. 

Studies have long shown that media messages have a pronounced impact on childhood risk 

behaviors. Exposure to images of smoking in movies influences a child’s risk for picking up the habit. 

Alcohol use in movies and promotions is also linked to actual alcohol use. 

Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine studied the 279 most popular

songs from 2005, based on reports from Billboard magazine, which tracks popular music. Whether a song 

contained a reference to drugs or alcohol varied by genre. Only 9 percent of pop songs had lyrics relating 

to drugs or alcohol. The number jumped to 14 percent for rock songs, 20 percent for R&B and hip-hop 

songs, 36 percent for country songs and 77 percent for rap songs. 

Notably, smoking references aren’t that common in music today, with only 3 percent of the songs 

portraying tobacco use. About 14 percent of songs spoke of marijuana use, 24 percent depicted alcohol 

use, and another 12 percent included reference to other substances. About 4 percent of the songs 

contained “anti” drug and alcohol messages. 

The study authors noted that music represents a pervasive source of exposure to positive images of 

substance use. The average adolescent is exposed to approximately 84 references to explicit substance use 

per day and 591 references per week, or 30,732 references per year. The average adolescent listening only 

to pop would be exposed to 5 references per day, whereas the average adolescent who listens just to rap 

would be exposed to 251 references per day. Whether any of this matters remains an open question. While 

the impact of exposure to images of smoking and alcohol in film has been well documented, less is 

known about the effect of music on childhood risk behaviors. 

Although music lacks the visual element of film, adolescent exposure to music is much more 

frequent, accounting for an average of 16 hours each week for music compared with about 6 hours each 

week for movie images, according to the study authors. But frequency of exposure is not the only factor. 

Unlike visual media, music is a powerful social force that also taps into an individual’s personal identity, 

memories and mood. 

Music is well-known to connect deeply with adolescents and to influence their identity development, 

perhaps more than any other entertainment . 

21.With which of the following statements would the author most likely disagree? 

[A] Popular songs will bring kids a lot of counter information. 

[B] The influence of media and advertisements on young people could not be sneezed at. 

[C] Teenagers should spend more time on films than music. 

[D] Among all kinds of music, pop songs have the least relation to drugs or alcohol. 

22. What can we conclude from this passage? 

[A] Teenagers like to imitate what they see from TV or films. 

[B] Nowadays, “anti” drug and alcohol messages can be found in music. 

[C] Whether music could be a factor to teenagers on their daily behaviors is still on the table. 

[D] Music is full of power to help teenagers explore their inner side. 

23. The share of drugs or alcohol in different music is cited as an example to _______. 

[A] tell us we should never listen to rap songs 

[B] indicate that the mention of drugs or alcohol is different from different music styles 

[C] show us the exact number of drugs or alcohol each genre contains 

[D] draw forth the topic of this text 

24. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? 

[A] Your Parents Were Right! 

[B] Music or Film? 

[C] Music is Drug 

[D] Under the Influence of Music?

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Text 4 

Falling profitability and flagging confidence have spread from the consumer sector to Britain’s 

business and professional services firms, a survey of the services industry shows. Services such as 

lawyers, marketing, accountancy and computing reported record falls in business volumes and values in 

the quarterly Confederation of British Industry services survey. 

The drop in both volumes and values was the 10-year-old survey’s first twin decline since May 2003. 

Confidence dropped sharply and numbers employed fell slightly, ending 15 straight quarters of job 

increases. The survey shows the effects of the slowing economy moving into the once-buoyant business 

and professional sector as clients rein in spending to prepare for tougher times. The economy ground to a 

halt in the second quarter of the year, ending 16 years of unbroken growth. 

Ian McCafferty, the CBI’s chief economic adviser, said, “Profitability in the service sector is clearly 

under pressure. This pressure, initially confined mainly to consumer services such as hospitality and 

travel, has spread to the professional and business services sector. This reflects much tougher trading 

conditions for business and professional firms.” Business and professional volumes and values dropped to 

survey lows, recording balances of minus 31 percent and minus 27 percent. A balance shows the 

difference between the percentage of respondents answering positively and negatively. 

Firms reported pressure not just from the slowing economy but from the credit crunch. Businesses 

were more concerned than in the past about their ability to raise external finance for investment, recording 

a 22 percent balance, another record. The sector’s biggest sufferers were marketing firms. After a year of 

strong growth, volumes and values dropped sharply in the most recent quarter, with further falls expected. 

Expansion expectations turned negative for the first time in two years. 

All business and professional sub-sectors had falls in volumes, apart from telecommunications and 

computing, though these firms’ confidence dipped, and they have cut employment. Consumer companies’ 

business held up better than expected, but are still below normal. Firms faced a squeeze on profitability, 

which dropped sharply as costs per employee rose at the fastest rate in more than four years and 

selling-price inflation was at its slowest for a year. Travel companies were hit particularly hard as 

business volumes fell at their fastest for five years and business volumes and profitability continued to 

drop. Confidence dipped and investment plans turned negative. 

Mr McCafferty said, “Across the service sector, business confidence has fallen and companies are 

negative about their investment and expansion plans for the year ahead.” 

25. According to the author, Britain’s business and professional services firms are____. 

[A] flourishing in their own field respectively 

[B] facing the problem of bankruptcy 

[C] not involving the following fields: lawyers, marketing, accountancy and computing, etc. 

[D] turning negative in professional work volumes and values 

26．By citing the example of Ian McCafferty, the author intends to show that____. 

[A] consumer services dominate in the profitability of service sector 

[B] hospitality and travel are two important elements in professional and business services sector 

[C] current situation is advantageous for business and professional firms

[D] the pressure has made it tougher for professional and business services sector 

27．The dropping profitability of travel companies was reflected in the following except that____. 

[A] the cost of each employee rose at the fastest rate 

[B] there is no obvious increasing sign in selling price 

[C] confidence enlarged and investment plans became sanguine 

[D] professional work volumes went down 

28．The author’s attitude toward the issue of “dropping profit” is ____. 

[A] apprehensive 

[B] impartial 

[C] subjective 

[D] biased 

Section III Translation 

29. Directions: 

In this section there is a paragraph in English .Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on 

ANSWER SHEET 2 (15 points). 

Bill Gates wants to give you $1,000! Microsoft is testing a new e-mail-tracking system and needs 

your help. Just forward Gates’ e-mail message to everyone you know, and you can claim your cash 

reward. 

Does this sound too good to be true? It is! This offer from Gates is a hoax. In fact, any computer 

specialist could tell you that it’s impossible to track e-mail. But that hasn’t stopped the hoax from 

spreading across the Internet like wildfire. Thousands, perhaps millions, of Internet users have 

received-and passed on- this false message. 

The internet abounds with hoaxes, lies and false information. These untruths spread through e-mails, 

discussion groups and official-looking Web sites. Even though most of them have been exposed for what 

they are, they continue to make the rounds across the internet. It’s hard to kill a “good” hoax, it seems. 

Section Ⅳ Writing 

30. Part A 

Directions: 

Write a letter to a friend of yours to 

(1) recommend one of your favorite new app and

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(2) give reasons for your recommendation. 

You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" 

instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) 

31. Part B 

Directions: 

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 

1) Describe the chart, and 

2) Give your comments. 

You should write at least 150 words. (15 points)

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